IMPORTANT MATTER on various Topics, Subjects & Exams

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1. Dally- Meaning: Waste time Synonyms: drag, idle Antonyms: complete, finish 2. Dawdle- Meaning: take one’s time, proceed slowly Synonyms: laze, loiter Antonyms: do , go 3.Debacle - Meaning: complete failure Synonyms: breakdown, collapse Antonyms: blessing, attainment 4. Deduce- Meaning: to reach a decision by considering all facts Synonyms: deduct, infer Antonyms: disbelieve, destroy 5.Defame - Meaning: to damage the reputation of person or group Synonyms: discredit, disgrace Antonyms: compliment, commend

DCLD ( CODE:BTCS 303)  ( IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS  FOR PTU/KUK) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS   (2 MARKS EACH): Q41. Why Flip-flop is called a latch? Q42. Why NAND and NOR gates are universal gates? Q43. Name various logic families. Q44. What is a Ring Counter? Q45. What is edge triggering? How it is different from level clocking? Q46. Compare BCD and Binary numbers. Q47. Which gate is single input gate and why? Q48. What are Don't care conditions? What is their importance and role in the circuit? Q49. Give difference between serial and parallel adder. Q50. State Duality theorm. Q51. What do you mean by Non-weighted code? Give example. Q52. Differentiate Moore and Mealy Machine. Q53. Define: (a) Noise Margin    (b) Fan-in. Q54. How many flip-flops are required for Mod-6 counter? Q55. Differentiate between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM. Q56. What is Parity bit? Give its importance. Q57. Find the signed 8-b

1. Cultivate- Meaning: to prepare land for growing of crop Synonyms: breed, fertilise, harvest Antonyms: destroy,ignore 2. Cumbersome- Meaning: awkward   because of   being large Synonyms: bulky, heavy, ponderous Antonyms: airy, easy 3. Cumulative- Meaning: increase by one addition after another Synonyms: increasing, aggregate Antonyms: decreasing 4. Curtail- Meaning: to reduce or limit something Synonyms: decrease, diminish, downsize Antonyms: develop, enlarge, extand 5.Cynical- Meaning: believing that people are only interested in themselves Synonyms: derisive, ironic Antonyms: hopeful

DCLD ( CODE:BTCS 303)  ( IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS  FOR PTU/KUK) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS   (2 MARKS EACH): Q26. Solve (10101) + (11010) Q27. What is 1's Compliment? Explain with example. Q28. Explain DeMorgan's theorm. Q29. Define Volatile Memory. Q30. Compare PROM and EPROM. Q31. Write name of various types of ADC's. Q32. What is the use of Dynamic RAM ? Q33. Define Decoder. Q34. Represent (-11) in 2's compliment form using 5 bits. Q35. How many select lines are required for 10:1 MUX? Q36. Why we need shift registers? Q37.  Realize AND gate using only NOR gates. Q38. Give logic diagram and characteristic table of  a Clocked D flip flop. Q39. What is Bi-directional shift register? Q40. Convert the following function in Standard SOP form:                                       f= A+ BC.

DCLD ( CODE:BTCS 303)  ( IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS  FOR PTU/KUK) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS   (2 MARKS EACH): Q1. Define Weighted BCD. Q2. Explain principle of Duality. Q3. Difference between EX-OR and EX-NOR. Q4. Difference between MUX and DEMUX. Q5. What are the uses of Shift Registers? Q6. What is FPGA? Q7. Convert (10101)2 in to decimal. Q8. Compare TTL and CMOS. Q9. Number of gates required to implement  expression: AB+ ADC. Q10. Define MOSFET. Q11. Explain K-Map reduction Technique. Q12. Write short note on ASCII code. Q13. Explain ECL Circuit. Q14. Calculate number of select lines in 16:1 MUX. Q15. Explain NOR gate with Symbol. Q16. List any four characteristics of Logic gates. Q17. Convert decimal 177.25 in to Octal number. Q18. What are the applications of EX-OR gate. Q19. Explain Binary to Gray code conversion. Q20. What is race round condition? How it can be eliminated? Q21.

1. Covert- Meaning: hidden or secret Synonyms: hidden , undercover Antonyms: open, known 2. Coveted- Meaning: strongly desired by many Synonyms: choose, crave, envy Antonyms: hate, dislike 3. Credible- Meaning: able to believed or trusted Synonyms: conclusive, honest, rational, reliable Antonyms: dishonest, irresponsible 4. Criterion- Meaning: standard by which we judge something Synonyms: benchmark, principle, proof Antonyms: change, guess 5.Culminate- Meaning: to reach final or end stage Synonyms: climax, conclude, end up Antonyms: begin, commence, open

DCLD/ DIGITAL ELECTRONICS ( CODE:BTCS 303)    (IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS-IMPORTANT FOR PTU EXAMS) QUESTIONS CARRYING 10 MARKS: Q16. What is race round condition? How it can be avoided? Also discuss the working of Master Slave JK Flip Flop. Q17. Write a note on: (a) Boolean Algebra (b) Magnitude Comparator  (c) ASCII Code  (d) Multiplexer Tree. Q18. Draw the circuit of a R-2R Ladder DAC and explain its operation. Also determine the resolution of output from a DAC that has a 12-bit input. Q19. Find minimum SOP expression of function:                        f= Ʃm (1,3,4,6,7,9,11,12,1,3,15) using QM method. Q20. Design a MOD-10 Synchronous counter using JK Flip flops. Explain its working with the help of timing diagram. Q21. Discuss various types of Read only memories in detail. Q22. Discuss the comparison of important features of various IC logic families. Also draw and explain the operation of TTL NAND gate. Q23. Write a note on: (a) Canonical POS  (b)

DCLD/ DIGITAL ELECTRONICS ( CODE:BTCS 303)    (IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS-IMPORTANT FOR PTU EXAMS) QUESTIONS CARRYING 10 MARKS: Q1. Write short note on: (a) Successive approximation ADC,  (b) Ripple Carry Adder Q2. What are programmable devices? what are their advantages? Explain in detail architecture of PLD. Q3. (a) Draw logical diagram of 4-bit Twisted Ring Counter and explain its operation with the help of Timing diagram.        (b) Design a MOD-3 synchronous counter using J-K Flip flop. Q4. (a) Explain how PISO works?        (b) Design a MOD-6 UP Counter. Q5. (a) Explain how EPROM Memory cell works.        (b) Explain the working of Dual Slope ADC. Q6. Explain RAM organization. Explain RAM read and write operations. Q7. Explain the circuit and functioning of Half and Full Adders. Q8. Construct a 4-bit Ring Counter. Explain with the help of truth table and Timing diagram. Q9. Find the SOP expression for the function:           f (a,b,c,d) = Ʃm

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE ( CODE:BTCS 301)    (IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS-IMPORTANT FOR PTU EXAMS) QUESTIONS CARRYING 10 MARKS: Q11. Explain in detail the characteristics of RISC and CISC Architecture. Q12. What is Associative Memory? Explain the hardware organization of Associative memory with suitable diagram. Q13. Explain with the help of neat sketch diagram, the working principle of DMA. Q14. Discuss the features of Cache Memory and different mapping functions used for its accessing. How can its performance be improved? Q15. Discuss different types of control unit organizations. Compare and contrast the hardwired and microprogrammed control organizations. Q16. What are the benefits of parallel processing? Explain Flynn's classification for parallel computers. Q17. Define the term: Instruction format and its addressing mode? Explain in detail the various addressing modes used by various CPU's. Q18. Explain various type of Interrupts? How does proc

1. Controversial- Meaning: causing disagreement or discussion Synonyms: disputed, dubious Antonyms: certain, definite 2. Converse- Meaning: the opposite Synonyms: antipode, contrary Antonyms: equal, same 3. Copious- Meaning: in large amounts Synonyms: extensive, abundant Antonyms: rare, meager 4. Cordial- Meaning: friendly, but formal   and polite Synonyms: amicable, hearty, jovial Antonyms: rude, uncaring, cool 5.Correlation- Meaning: connection or relationship between two or   more facts Synonyms: interaction, interrelationship Antonyms: difference, disconnection

1. Consolation- Meaning: to give comfort to someone who is sad or disappointed. Synonyms: solace, comfort, pity Antonyms: disdain, indifference 2. Consolidate- Meaning: to become, or cause something to become, stronger, and more certain Synonyms: fortify, concentrate, secure Antonyms: discourage, hurt , disperse 3. Conspicuous- Meaning: very noticeable or attracting attention Synonyms: evident, visible, distinct Antonyms: invisible, hidden 4. Consummate- Meaning: perfect or complete   in every way Synonyms: polished, skilled, perfect Antonyms: poor, inept, imperfect 5.Contemplate- Meaning: to spend time considering a possible future action Synonyms: aim, consider, intend Antonyms: forget, ignore

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE ( CODE:BTCS 301)    (IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS-IMPORTANT FOR PTU EXAMS) QUESTIONS CARRYING 10 MARKS: Q1. What do you mean by Associative Memory? Explain briefly the hardware organisation of same. Q2. Write short note on: (a) Vector processors,  (b) Instruction Format. Q3. What do you mean by Instruction Pipeline? Mention the stages of Pipeline. Q4. What is the difference between Static and Dynamic network interconnections? Discuss any 3 Network interconnection networks. Q5. Design a 4-bit Arithmatic circuit. Q6. (a) Give the Flow chart for add and subtract operation of two signed 2's compliment data.                           Explain the logic of each operation.        (b) Why page table is required in a Virtual Memory system. Explain different ways of organising a page table. Q7. Explain how Cache memory is different from Virtual memory. Also discuss various page replacement policies for Virtual memory with examples. Q8. Writ

DISCRETE STRUCTURES ( CODE:BTCS 302)  ( IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS  FOR PTU/KUK) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS   (2 MARKS EACH): Q51. What is meant by Ring with Unity? Give example. Q52. Define a Field. Q53. Prove that (A-B) ∩B=ɸ Q54. What are Partial Order Relations? Q55. Find the Multiplication table for G={1,2,3,4,5,6} under multiplication Modulo 7. Q56. Make a table of all Boolean functions of Degree 2. Q57. Give an example of Linear homogeneous recurrence relation of degree 2. Q58. Is the set Z of Integers with the binary operation of subtraction a Semi-group. Justify Q59. Define a Simple path in a Graph. Q60. Give an example of a Connected Graph. Q61. Prove that there exists a Semi-group which is not a Monoid. Q62. Define a Partial order on the set N of all natural numbers. Q63. Give an example each of a commutative ring with identity and a field. Q64. Give an equivalence relation on a Set. Q65. Find the Chromatic number of Comple

1. Conformity- Meaning: conformance the process of a product being   made as it was designed Synonyms: obedience, assent Antonyms: disagreement 2. Confound- Meaning: to confuse and very much   surprise some one Synonyms: amaze, astound, baffle Antonyms: calm ,clarify 3. Conjecture- Meaning: a guess about something   based on how it seems Synonyms: hypothesis, inference Antonyms: proof, reality 4. Consensus- Meaning: generally accepted opinion or decision among a group of people Synonyms: accord, consent Antonyms: opposition 5.Conserve- Meaning: to keep or protect something from damage or change Synonyms: maintain, preserve, sustain Antonyms: hurt, ignore

DISCRETE STRUCTURES ( CODE:BTCS 302)  ( IMPORTANT & EXPECTED QUESTIONS  FOR PTU/KUK) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS   (2 MARKS EACH): Q26. State Commutative laws for intersection and union of 2 sets. Q27. Give an example of an Euclidean Domain. Q28. Define a Boolean Algebra and Sub- Algebra. Q29. Define a Semi-Group. Q30. State Lagrange's Theorm on finite Groups. Q31. What is Chromatic number of a circuit on 'n' vertices , 'n' even? Q32. What is the no. of vertices in a tree with 'n' edges? Q33. How many committee of 5 with a given chairperson can be selected from 12 persons? Q34. Let R1 and R2 be two equivalence relations a Set. State whether   R1 ∩ R2 is an equivalence relation. Justify. Q35. Prove Demorgan's Law. Q36. What do you mean by Hamiltonian Circuit? Explain with Example. Q37. How many different Boolean functions of degree 'n' exist? Q38. Given A={x,y,z} and B={1,2,3}, Find A*B.